Acetone, a widely used organic solvent, is a crucial component in various industrial and laboratory settings. As a highly volatile and flammable liquid, it poses significant risks to human health and safety if not handled properly. This Acetone Safety Data Sheet (SDS) aims to provide essential handling and storage guidelines to minimize potential hazards and ensure a safe working environment.
With a long history of use in various applications, including laboratory research, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and industrial cleaning, acetone has become a staple in many industries. However, its widespread use also increases the risk of accidents and exposure. According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), acetone is one of the most commonly used solvents in the workplace, with over 1 million workers exposed to it annually.
Identification and Hazards
Acetone, also known as propanone, is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic sweet odor. Its chemical formula is C3H6O, and it has a molecular weight of 58.08 g/mol. Acetone is highly flammable, with a flash point of -18°C (-0.4°F) and an auto-ignition temperature of 465°C (869°F). Prolonged exposure to acetone vapors can cause eye, skin, and respiratory irritation, as well as headaches, dizziness, and nausea.
In addition to its physical and health hazards, acetone also poses environmental risks. As a volatile organic compound (VOC), it contributes to air pollution and can contaminate soil and groundwater if not disposed of properly. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified acetone as a hazardous air pollutant, and it is subject to various regulations and guidelines.
Physical and Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Odor | Sweet, characteristic |
| Boiling Point | 56.3°C (133.3°F) |
| Melting Point | -94.7°C (-138.5°F) |
| Flash Point | -18°C (-0.4°F) |
| Auto-Ignition Temperature | 465°C (869°F) |
Handling and Storage Guidelines
To ensure safe handling and storage of acetone, follow these guidelines:
- Handle acetone in well-ventilated areas, away from ignition sources and heat.
- Use personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and a face shield, when handling acetone.
- Store acetone in a cool, dry place, away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizers and reducing agents.
- Keep containers tightly sealed and labeled, and ensure they are designed for acetone storage.
- Use grounding and bonding procedures when transferring acetone to prevent static electricity.
Safety Precautions
In addition to proper handling and storage, take the following safety precautions:
- Wear protective clothing, including long sleeves, pants, and closed-toe shoes, when working with acetone.
- Ensure the work area is free from ignition sources, such as open flames, sparks, or hot surfaces.
- Use explosion-proof equipment and tools when working with acetone in hazardous locations.
- Keep fire extinguishers and emergency response equipment nearby.
- Monitor acetone levels and vapors, and implement controls to prevent exposure.
Key Points
- Acetone is a highly flammable and volatile liquid that poses significant risks to human health and safety.
- Proper handling and storage procedures are crucial to minimize potential hazards and ensure a safe working environment.
- Use personal protective equipment (PPE) and follow safety precautions to prevent exposure and accidents.
- Store acetone in a cool, dry place, away from incompatible materials and ignition sources.
- Implement controls to prevent exposure, and monitor acetone levels and vapors.
First Aid and Medical Treatment
In case of acetone exposure, provide immediate first aid and seek medical attention if necessary:
Skin and Eye Contact
Wash affected areas with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. If eye irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Inhalation
Move the individual to fresh air and provide oxygen if necessary. If symptoms persist, seek medical attention.
Ingestion
Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention immediately.
Spill Response and Disposal
In case of an acetone spill:
- Evacuate the area and ventilate to prevent exposure.
- Use absorbent materials, such as sand or vermiculite, to contain the spill.
- Dispose of contaminated materials and clean up the area with soap and water.
- Follow local regulations and guidelines for acetone disposal.
What are the primary hazards associated with acetone?
+The primary hazards associated with acetone include its high flammability, volatility, and potential to cause eye, skin, and respiratory irritation.
How should I handle acetone in the workplace?
+Handle acetone in well-ventilated areas, away from ignition sources and heat. Use personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and a face shield, and follow proper storage and handling procedures.
What are the essential safety precautions for working with acetone?
+Essential safety precautions for working with acetone include wearing protective clothing, ensuring the work area is free from ignition sources, using explosion-proof equipment, and monitoring acetone levels and vapors.
In conclusion, acetone requires careful handling and storage to minimize potential hazards and ensure a safe working environment. By following the guidelines outlined in this Acetone Safety Data Sheet, individuals can reduce the risks associated with acetone exposure and ensure a safe and healthy workplace.